APPENDIX B

ELFEN RESULTS – UNSTRENGTHENED ARCHES

Result Diagram	Legend
Vertical Displacement at Peak Load	[m]
Principal Compressive Stress at Peak Load	[N/m]
Von Mises Equivalent Stress (Effective) at Peak Load	[N/m]
Failure Mode

Figure B.1 5m TRL Arch - Mortar Bonded Rings

Result Diagram	Legend
Vertical Displacement at Peak Load	[m]
Principal Compressive Stress at Peak Load	[N/m]
Von Mises Equivalent Stress (Effective) at Peak Load	[N/m]
Failure Mode

Figure B.2 5m TRL Arch - Separated Rings

Result Diagram	Legend
Vertical Displacement at Peak Load	[m]
Principal Compressive Stress at Peak Load	[N/m]
Von Mises Equivalent Stress (Effective) at Peak Load	[N/m]
Failure Mode

Figure B.3 5m Bolton Arch - Separated Rings

Result Diagram	Legend
Vertical Displacement at Peak Load	[m]
Principal Compressive Stress at Peak Load	[N/m]
Von Mises Equivalent Stress (Effective) at Peak Load	[N/m]
Failure Mode

Figure B.4 5m Bolton Arch - Mortar Bonded Rings

Result Diagram	Legend
Vertical Displacement at Peak Load	[m]
Principal Compressive Stress at Peak Load	[N/m]
Von Mises Equivalent Stress (Effective) at Peak Load	[N/m]
Failure Mode

Figure B.5 3m Bolton Arch - Mortar Bonded Rings

Result Diagram	Legend
Vertical Displacement at Peak Load	[m]
Principal Compressive Stress at Peak Load	[N/m]
Von Mises Equivalent Stress (Effective) at Peak Load	[N/m]
Failure Mode

Figure B.6 3m Multi-Span Bolton Arch - Mortar Bonded Rings

Result Diagram	Legend
Vertical Displacement at Peak Load	[m]
Principal Compressive Stress at Peak Load	[N/m]
Von Mises Equivalent Stress (Effective) at Peak Load	[N/m]
Failure Mode

Figure B.7 TRRL Strathmarshie Bridge - Random Rubble